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B200 NVL72 vs H100: Benchmarking FP4 Tensor Core Throughput for 405B Models

Detailed empirical results comparing Hopper FP8 execution against Blackwell NVLink 5 FP4 on Llama 3.1 405B across NovaPod bare-metal clusters.

Julian Mercer
Julian Mercer
Principal Systems Architect, NovaPod
September 24, 2026
·
9 min read
Recommended Hardware:NVIDIA B200 SXM / H100 SXM5
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B200 NVL72 vs H100: Benchmarking FP4 Tensor Core Throughput for 405B Models
novapod.io
Decode Throughput Surge2.54x over H100
Memory Space per Node1.5 TB Unified
Perplexity Deviation (FP4)< 0.12%

When NVIDIA unveiled the Blackwell NVL72 architecture, the headline metric was a 4x reduction in training cost and a dramatic leap in inference throughput for massive Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) foundation models.

Our engineering team recently conducted the first comprehensive benchmark comparing an 8x H100 SXM5 cluster against an 8x B200 SXM node running the 405B parameter model under NovaPod's pre-tuned vLLM container environment.

By quantizing attention layers to native FP4 with per-tensor scaling factors, memory consumption dropped from ~810 GB to 425 GB, allowing the entire model to fit comfortably within the node's unified 1.5 TB memory space without cross-node network penalty.

Token decode throughput surged from 480 tok/s to over 1,220 tok/s while maintaining perplexity within 0.12% of baseline BF16 evaluations, proving the unmatched efficiency of Blackwell compute on NovaPod.

Key Architecture TakeawayNVIDIA Blackwell NVLink 5 and second-generation Transformer Engine FP4 fundamentally redefine the economics of serving trillion-parameter scale models, collapsing 8-way node memory consumption in half while doubling token throughput.

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